Qala d'Yeshua · Learn by root · Tier 1
Day 7 of 75 · The reign foundations

Ḥ-W-B

ḥawba: debt
חובין · מחיב
ܚܰܘܒ݁ܰܝܢ · ܡܚܰܝܰܒ݂

The feel

Ḥ W B is the ledger root: debt owed and unpaid, a balance sitting between two people. Wrong becomes liability, condemnation fixes that debt on someone. The Prayer names our debts, not stains, and pairs this root with Sh B Q, release: what one binds, the other lets go.

The root family

FormPatternScriptStandardQala rendering
ḥawbaynnoun + -ayn "our" (plural)חובין ܚܰܘܒ݁ܰܝܢour debtsour debts (Matthew 6:12)
ḥawbtanoun, feminine: a debtחובתא ܚܘܒܬܐdebtdebt
ḥayavaynnoun: debtors, + -ayn "our"לחיבין ܠܚܰܝܳܒ݂ܰܝܢour debtorsthose in debt to us (Matthew 6:12)
mḥayevPael participle: activeמחיב ܡܚܰܝܰܒ݂condemnscondemns: declares in debt, holds liable
ḥubasame letters, separate wordחובא ܚܽܘܒ݁ܳܐlovelove: see the honesty note under Connections
Paradigm forms are a teaching scaffold from standard Aramaic grammar; corpus-attested words above are drawn from the glossary and the cited interlinears.

The verb stems

StemFormSenseIn this corpus
Peal (simple)ḥavto owe, to be liable, to losenot attested: the simple stem stays in the nouns
Pael (intensive)ḥayevto condemn: declare someone in debtattested: mḥaybin (Matthew 12:7)
Ethpaal (intensive passive)ʾetḥayavto be condemned: be found liableattested: tetḥayav (Matthew 12:37)
Stem table is a grammar scaffold: how Aramaic bends one root through voice and cause. Remaining stems: not attested.

In his voice

Matthew 6:12 → interlinear
And release us from our debts, as we have released those in debt to us.
ḥawbayn … lḥayavayn : "our debts … those in debt to us." The noun and its person-word side by side: the owed thing, and the one who owes it.
Matthew 12:7 → interlinear
If you had known what this means, I want compassion, not sacrifice , you wouldn't have condemned the guiltless.
mḥaybin , "condemned": literally, declared them debtors. The charge against the students was filed in this root's bookkeeping language.
Matthew 12:37 → interlinear
For by your words you will be cleared, and by your words you will be condemned."
tetḥayav , "you will be held liable": the passive stem. The ledger runs on your own words; nobody else's entries are consulted.

Practice

Draw two columns: who owes you, and whom you owe. Read both honestly, then speak the Prayer’s line and release one claim you keep rehearsing.

Say ḥawba, debt; ḥayava, debtor; ḥayev, condemn: hear one ledger moving through every form.

Connections

Ḥ-B-B, day 13Sh-B-Q, releaseḥayev: to condemnḥawbta: debtḥayava: debtorḥuba: love
Witness note: the forms above rest on the Peshitta as the primary witness, with Palestinian Aramaic attestation marked where a Western source carries the word.